高血糖指数和高血糖负荷的饮食增加患癌风险
《肿瘤学年鉴》(Annals of Oncology)于2012年7月25日在线发表的一项来自加拿大的研究表明,高血糖指数和高血糖负荷的饮食增加某些特定癌症的发病风险。
人们认为饮食的血糖指数和血糖负荷与某些特定癌症的发病风险有关,但这个问题仍然悬而未决。
该研究纳入了组织学上确诊了的胃癌(n = 1182)、结肠癌(n = 1727)、直肠癌(n = 1447)、肝癌(n = 309)、胰腺癌(n = 628)、肺癌(n = 3341)、乳腺癌(n = 2362)、卵巢癌(n = 442)、前列腺癌(n = 1799)、睾丸癌(n = 686)、肾癌(n = 1345)、膀胱癌(n = 1029)、脑癌(n = 1009)、非何杰金氏淋巴瘤(n = 1666)、白血病(n = 1069)、多发性骨髓瘤(n = 343)病例和5039个对照病例,从1994年到1997年间,在加拿大的8个州内通过邮寄进行问卷调查。该研究通过有效的饮食频率问卷获取参与者们参与本研究前2年的饮食习惯信息。应用含有公认的混杂因素的非条件罗杰斯回归分析得出比值比和95%可信区间。
结果显示,饮食的血糖指数与前列腺癌发病风险呈正相关(比值比为1.26)。较高的血糖负荷显著增加结肠癌(OR=1.28)、直肠癌(OR=1.44)和胰腺癌(OR=1.41)的发病风险。未发现其他显著关联。
Glycemic index, glycemic load and cancer risk.
Abstract
BackgroundDietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) have been related to the risk of selected cancers, but the issue remains open.Patients and methodsMailed questionnaires were completed between 1994 and 1997 in eight Canadian provinces for incident, histologically confirmed cases of the stomach (n = 1182), colon (n = 1727), rectum (n = 1447), liver (n = 309), pancreas (n = 628), lung (n = 3341), breast (n = 2362), ovary (n = 442), prostate (n = 1799), testis (n = 686), kidney (n = 1345), bladder (n = 1029), brain (n = 1009), non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL, n = 1666), leukemias (n = 1069), multiple myelomas (n = 343), and 5039 population controls. Dietary information on eating habits 2 years before participants' enrollment in the study was obtained using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were derived by unconditional logistic regression including recognized confounding factors.ResultsDietary GI was positively associated with the risk of prostate cancer (OR, 1.26 for the highest versus the lowest quartile). A higher dietary GL significantly increased the risk of colorectal (OR, 1.28), rectal (OR, 1.44) and pancreatic (OR, 1.41) cancers. No other significant associations were found.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that a diet high in GI and GL is associated with increased risk of selected cancers.
原文链接:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22831983